Mineralna Voda: Potencialne Zdravstvene Koristi In Neželeni Učinki

2024 Avtor: Cecilia Ryder | [email protected]. Nazadnje spremenjeno: 2023-12-17 14:23

Mineralna voda se pridobiva iz naravnih izvirov in podzemnih zbiralnikov. Je bogata z bistvenimi hranili in naj bi imela nekatere terapevtske lastnosti.

Vsebuje kalcij, magnezij, kalij in natrij (1). Tako naj bi prinašal nekaj nepričakovanih koristi za zdravje. Pitje mineralne vode lahko spodbuja zdravje kosti, prebavil in srca ter znižuje krvni tlak.

V tem članku govorimo o razliki med mineralno vodo in vodo iz pipe ter o potencialnih koristih za zdravje in neželenih učinkih mineralne vode.

Nadaljujte z branjem!

Kazalo

• Mineralna voda vs. Redna voda
• 6 zdravstvene koristi mineralne vode
• Ali je mineralna voda dobra za vašo kožo in obraz?
• Kakšni so stranski učinki mineralne vode?

Mineralna voda vs. Redna voda

Mineralna voda je bolj kisla od vode iz pipe in ima kisel okus zaradi prisotnosti ogljikove kisline. Obe vrsti vode vsebujeta minerale in sta podvrženi nekakšni predelavi. Glede na sedanje dokaze razlike niso zelo pomembne. Tukaj je tisto, kar morate vedeti.

I. Mineralna voda

Mineralna voda vsebuje dodane minerale (odvisno od vira) ali raztopljene snovi, da spremeni njen okus. Ljudje verjamejo, da ima nekatere zdravilne lastnosti zaradi mineralov v njem. Po Upravi za prehrano in zdravila (FDA) mora mineralna voda vsebovati vsaj 250 delov na milijon vseh raztopljenih trdnih snovi (2).

Minerali, ki so pogosto prisotni v mineralni vodi, vključujejo:

• Kalcij
• Klor
• Fosfor
• Magnezij
• Kalij
• Natrij
• Žveplo

Zgoraj so navedena nekatera makrohranila, ki so bistvenega pomena za izvajanje telesnih funkcij, kot so sinteza beljakovin, tvorba kosti, tvorba hrustanca itd. (3).

Poleg nekaterih mikrohranil so elementi v sledovih bistveni za nekatere biološke funkcije, kot so sinteza hormonov, proizvodnja encimov, preprečevanje propadanja zob itd. (3).

• Kobalt
• Železo
• Krom
• baker
• Jodij
• Fluor

V nasprotju z običajno vodo iz pipe se mineralna voda običajno stekleniči pri viru v plastičnih ali steklenih steklenicah. Nekateri ljudje imajo raje mineralno vodo zaradi njene terapevtske vrednosti. Vendar pa se lahko mineralna voda nekaj obdela, da se odstranijo bakterije ali strupene snovi (4). Dnevni vnos mineralne vode je bistvenega pomena za ohranjanje ravnovesja telesne vode (3).

II. Voda iz pipe

Voda iz pipe je obdelana s klorom in dovedena v gospodinjstva po ceveh in čistilnih sistemih.

Preden pride do gospodinjstev, je voda iz pipe v kemični dezinfekciji v čistilni napravi. Nato se čista voda dovaja skozi podzemni cevovod. Vendar nekateri minerali v vodovodni vodi lahko korodirajo cevi in onesnažijo pitno vodo.

V ZDA mora voda iz pipe ustrezati standardom Zakona o varni pitni vodi, ki jih je določila Agencija za varstvo okolja (EPA) (5).

Zdaj, ko poznate razliko med mineralno vodo in vodo iz pipe, preverimo zdravstvene koristi mineralne vode!

6 zdravstvene koristi mineralne vode

1. Vir magnezija

Mineralna voda je bogat vir magnezija, ki igra pomembno vlogo pri uravnavanju telesnih funkcij, kot so živčne funkcije, nadzor ravni glukoze v krvi in uravnavanje krvnega tlaka (6).

Količina magnezija v mineralni vodi se lahko razlikuje, odvisno od vira. Priporočeni prehranski dodatki (RDA) za magnezij so naslednji (6):

• 310-320 mg za odrasle ženske
• 350-400 mg za nosečnice
• 310-360 mg za doječe matere
• 400-420 mg za odrasle moške

Pomanjkanje magnezija lahko povzroči simptome, kot so tesnoba, razdražljivost, utrujenost, mišična oslabelost, tresenje in vrtoglavica. V hujših primerih lahko vodi tudi do napadov, izgube sluha, migrene, osteoporoze in nepravilnega srčnega utripa (7).

2. Lahko pomaga znižati krvni tlak

Mineralna voda je dober vir kalcija in magnezija (1). Tako naj bi bil koristen za ljudi s težavami s krvnim tlakom. Pomanjkanje magnezija in kalcija lahko prispeva k hipertenziji (8), (9). Oba minerala aktivno sodelujeta v elektrolitskem procesu človeških možganov in telesa. To elektrolitsko ravnovesje je bistvenega pomena za vzdrževanje krvnega tlaka in krvnega obtoka. Prav tako pomaga pospešiti hidracijo pri ljudeh (10).

Študija, ki jo je izvedla univerza Göteborg (Švedska), je pokazala, da lahko pitje mineralne vode pomaga pri zniževanju krvnega tlaka pri ljudeh s povišanim krvnim tlakom (11).

Študija, izvedena na 70 ljudeh z mejno hipertenzijo, je tudi pokazala, da je pitje 1 litra mineralne vode na dan znižalo krvni tlak (11).

Vendar pa je potrebnih več študij, da bi razumeli vlogo pitja mineralne vode pri uravnavanju krvnega tlaka.

3. Spodbuja zdravje kosti

Kalcij je najpomembnejši mineral, ki sodeluje pri razvoju kosti. Kalcij v mineralni vodi je pomemben vir vnosa kalcija (12). Krepi kosti, zobe in nohte.

Študija, ki jo je opravil Raziskovalni inštitut za saško balneologijo in rehabilitacijsko medicino, je pokazala, da je biološka uporabnost kalcija iz mineralne vode primerljiva (in bi lahko bila celo boljša) kot iz mlečnih izdelkov (13), (14). Druga študija, opravljena na ženskah v postmenopavzi, je pokazala, da reden vnos z kalcijem bogate mineralne vode poveča mineralno gostoto kosti (15).

Poleg tega lahko nadzor magnezijeve homeostaze pomaga ohranjati celovitost kosti (16).

4. Izboljša zdravje prebavil

Mineral water contains magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate that can help improve bowel movement frequency and stool consistency when constipated (17). A study conducted in Japan found that low magnesium intake is associated with constipation (18). Moreover, adequate fluid intake has been shown to improve digestion (19).

5. May Improve Heart Health

A study conducted on postmenopausal women by the Spanish Council for Scientific Research found that sodium bi-carbonate mineral water affects cholesterol and triacylglycerol metabolism after meals (20).

Another study conducted on postmenopausal women found that the intake of carbonated mineral water intake decreases total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, which reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases (21). The magnesium levels in drinking water are also said to be inversely associated with coronary heart disease mortality (22).

However, more long-term studies are required to understand how drinking mineral water promotes heart health.

6. May Regulate Body Fat

Mineral water is an essential fat-free supplement that offers a good amount of fat metabolizing minerals. It helps in fat breakdown, which is essential in burning the layers of fat in the body. Thus, drinking mineral water before meals (1.5 l/day) along with a low-calorie diet can help in weight management (23).

Now that you know all about the health benefits of mineral water, let’s check out how it benefits your skin.

Is Mineral Water Good For Your Skin And Face?

Mineral water may be a fresh source of skin-friendly silica particles. Silica is great for the skin. It triggers the production of collagen in your skin. Increased collagen formation reduces wrinkles, dark spots, and dullness. Furthermore, silica deficiency leads to skin ageing (24). Hence, mineral water may be a good source of skin health.

However, more long-term studies are required to understand this benefit of mineral water.

Though mineral water is generally safe for consumption, it does have a few side effects that you need to keep in mind. Check them out in the next section.

What Are The Side Effects Of Mineral Water?

Mineral water is generally regarded as safe to drink. However, too much consumption of mineral water has some side effects, and very little research has been done in this area.

Many studies focused on bottled mineral water are about the migration of chemicals from plastic bottles to water (25). A study conducted on mice found that microplastics consumed through water can accumulate in the body and cause inflammation (26).

The carbonic acid present in carbonated mineral water can cause bloating (27). Mineral water contains fewer microbes when compared to normal tap water. Thus, it does not undergo the disinfection process (unlike tap water) and contains microbes. It is also sometimes enriched with carbon dioxide (28).

Plastic Toxicity

Microplastics are tiny particles with potential health concerns. Plastic bottles contain bisphenol A (BPA) that are said to interfere with the hormonal function in your body. These particles are also found in seafood products, beverages like beer, and table salt.

Though the microplastics in bottled water do not raise a safety concern, more research is required in this area (29).

Carbonated Water Damages Teeth

Sparkling mineral water can damage the enamel on your teeth. A study conducted by the University of Birmingham found that sparkling mineral water damages tooth enamel more than regular tap water but less than soft drinks (30).

Carbonated water is more acidic than regular tap water. A study conducted in Korea found that carbonated water manufactured by a soda carbonator reduces enamel hardness (31). But, it has a smaller impact on teeth than drinking soda (32).

Environmental Concerns

Pollution caused by plastic water bottles is a serious threat to the environment. But, scientists have found that treating tap water with domestic reverse osmosis equipment is the most environmentally friendly way to treat water (33). As bottle manufacturing requires more energy and raw material inputs, especially in the case of glass water bottles, regular water treatment is the most favourable option.

Conclusion

Mineralna voda je po definiciji bogata z minerali in naj bi imela več terapevtskih lastnosti. Vendar pa so na voljo omejene raziskave, ki dokazujejo njegove prednosti. Še vedno velja za varno pitje.

Od izboljšanja kostne gostote do spodbujanja prebavnega zdravja naj bi imela mineralna voda številne zdravstvene koristi. Povezana pa je tudi s plastično toksičnostjo (zaradi mikroplastike v steklenicah) in erozijo sklenine. Zato uporabite svojo presojo, preden pijete katero koli vrsto vode.

33 virov

Stylecraze ima stroge smernice za nabavo in se opira na recenzirane študije, akademske raziskovalne ustanove in zdravniška združenja. Izogibamo se uporabi terciarnih referenc. Če preberete našo uredniško politiko, lahko izveste več o tem, kako zagotavljamo, da je naša vsebina točna in aktualna.

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